What is the main effect of enzymes secreted by the aleurone layer?

The primary effect of enzymes secreted by the aleurone layer is to break down compounds in the starchy endosperm. In a cereal grain, the aleurone layer is situated just inside the seed coat and plays a crucial role during germination. When the seed begins to sprout, the aleurone layer becomes active and secretes various enzymes, such as amylases. These enzymes catalyze the degradation of starches stored in the endosperm into simpler sugars, which are then utilized by the developing plant for energy and growth. This process is essential for ensuring that the seed has the necessary resources to successfully germinate and establish itself.

In contrast, the effects of the other options are either secondary to this primary function or do not accurately represent the role of the aleurone layer. The protection of the embryo and nutrient storage are important functions in seed biology but are not directly performed by the aleurone layer. Regulating nutrient uptake, while significant, typically pertains more to the root structures of the plant rather than the aleurone layer's function during germination. Thus, breaking down compounds in the starchy endosperm is the correct and most relevant function of the enzymes secreted by the aleurone layer